By: Cary Renniger
Across the United States, teacher shortages persistently challenge districts, with turnover rates increasing in both urban and rural schools. While compensation and workload are frequently cited as primary causes, research increasingly shows that school culture plays a decisive role in whether teachers stay and students succeed. A positive environment can stabilize staffing, elevate instruction, and improve long-term student outcomes, while a toxic culture can erode trust and drive talent away.
Here, Dr Marlon Burton, an experienced school leader and consultant, examines the critical link between school culture, teacher retention, and student achievement. With nearly two decades in education, as a principal, director of secondary education, and visiting professor, Dr Burton offers practical insights into how schools can create cultures that inspire teachers and empower students.
Creating a Sense of Belonging for Teachers
Teacher retention is strongly influenced by whether educators feel valued and respected in their schools. Leaders who cultivate collaborative environments, where teachers’ voices are heard and their expertise is recognized- foster a sense of belonging that motivates staff to remain. When teachers know they are part of a team working toward a shared vision, they are more likely to invest in their school and less likely to seek opportunities elsewhere.
Establishing Trust and Psychological Safety
An essential component of culture is trust. Teachers need to feel safe to take instructional risks, share concerns, and admit mistakes without fear of judgment. A culture of psychological safety encourages experimentation with new teaching methods and fosters continuous professional growth. When educators feel supported, they not only stay longer but also model resilience and adaptability for their students.
Aligning Leadership with Teacher Development
School culture is shaped from the top down. Leaders who prioritize mentorship, professional development, and transparent communication set the tone for how teachers experience their workplace. Investment in teacher growth signals respect and confidence in their abilities. Conversely, schools where leadership is inconsistent or dismissive often struggle with morale, leading to higher turnover and disrupted learning environments.
The Role of Student-Teacher Relationships in Retention
Another crucial aspect of school culture is the relationship between teachers and students. When teachers feel a strong connection to their students, they are more likely to stay motivated and engaged in their work. Positive student-teacher relationships promote a sense of purpose, which is essential for teacher retention. Teachers who form meaningful bonds with students are not just teaching academics; they are shaping lives. This deeper level of engagement can foster a more resilient, compassionate teaching force that is committed to overcoming challenges and achieving long-term success. Furthermore, these strong relationships benefit students, creating an environment where they feel valued and supported, which can lead to improved academic performance and emotional well-being.
The Ripple Effect on Student Success
The influence of culture extends beyond teachers. Students thrive in environments where educators are engaged, supported, and consistent. High teacher turnover creates instability, eroding relationships and lowering academic outcomes. By contrast, a strong school culture produces teachers who are energized and motivated, qualities that directly translate into better instruction, stronger student connections, and higher achievement.
Building a Sustainable Culture
Developing a healthy school culture requires intentional strategies. Regular staff check-ins, collaborative planning time, and recognition of accomplishments reinforce positive dynamics. Equally important is addressing issues promptly, whether inequities, conflict, or communication breakdowns, before they undermine trust. Sustaining culture also demands long-term commitment; it is not a one-time initiative but a continuous process of listening, adjusting, and reinforcing shared values.
Closing Thoughts
School culture is not a soft factor; it is a structural force that determines whether teachers stay and whether students succeed. By fostering belonging, trust, and professional growth, leaders create environments where teachers can flourish and students can achieve their full potential.
As Dr. Marlon Burton emphasizes, strong culture is the foundation of retention and success. Schools that prioritize it position themselves not just to weather staffing challenges but to thrive for years to come.
